Hari umuperezida wagaragaje itandukaniro rikomeye umugereranyije n’abakuru b’ibihugu bagenzi be. Ubukene. Ibyubahiro byose yemererwa n’amategeko nk’umukuru w’igihugu, we yahisemo gushyira kure ye ibintu byose bigaragariramo umurengwe ndetse no kubaho mu buzima bwo kuryoshya. Ni nde? Yaba se ari Umunyafurika?
Kuba Afurika ari Umugabane ukennye kurusha indi migabane ku Isi, ntibivuze ko uwo muperezida ari uwa hafi aha mu baturanyi cyangwa ahandi kuri uyu mugabane dutuye. Ngira ngo ujya usoma raporo zigaragaza imitungo y’abaperezida b’Afurika. Gukena kw’ibihugu byabo bihabanye cyane n’imitungo yabo bwite ndetse usanga bakize kurusha abayobozi b’ibihugu by’iburayi. Eduardo Dos Santos nubwo atakiyobora Angola, ariko akize kurusha abaperezida bari ku butegetsi n’abacyuye igihe bakiri bazima kuri uyu mugabane w’Afurika. Bitewe n’abakoze raporo ariko, hari n’abagaragaza Umwami wa Maroc Mohammed VI nk’umuyobozi w’Afurika ukize kurusha abandi, aho abarirwa imitungo ifite agaciro ka miliyari 5,7 z’Amadolari y’Amarika. Bishobora gutangaza benshi, ariko UMuperezida w’Umukene ku Isi akomoka ku Mugabane w’Amerika, muri Amerique Latine. Ni umugabo wahaye Isi amasomo atangaje ajyanye no kwiyoroshya.
Atitaye ku byubahiro n’amafaranga yemerewe n’amategeko, uyu mugabo yahisemo kwiberaho mu buzima buciriritse, bamwe bubaha amahitamo ye ndetse bakifuza ko n’abandi baperezida bamwigiraho bakitwara nkawe bakareka gusesagura umutungo w’ibihugu byabo ndetse bakirinda gusahura ibihugu byabo bajya kubitsa mu mabanki yo mu mahanga cyane cyane i Burayi, abandi ariko bakamuha urw’amenyo. Ubukene bwe, bugarukwaho cyane mu itangazamakuru ndetse no ku mbuga nkoranyambaga kuko, mu gihe abandi baperezida bagira ingoro z’abakuru b’ibihugu zizwi nka palais presidentiel, we igihugu yahisemo kukiyoborera mu rugo rwe ruri mu gace yavukiyemo. Ariko se uyu muperezida uteye atya yaje ate, iyi myumvire ye ishingira ku ki?
Ni umugabo wakomotse mu muryango utifashije, muri karitsiye imwe mu zikennye mu gihugu cye. Akiri n’umwana muto, yavugaga ko abangamirwa bikomeye n’ubusumbane bw’abaturage mu gihugu kandi ko yumva agomba kuburwanya akoresheje imbaraga ze zose. Si ibintu byari byoroshye kuko ibyo yanengaga ni ibyari byarashyizweho n’ubuyobozi bwa gisirikari bwayoboraga igihugu mu myaka ya za 60, ariko kugira ngo abigereho ashinga ihuriro riharanira inyungu za rubanda. Bidatinze ubuyobozi bwa gisirikari bwamutaye muri yombi amara imyaka 12 inyuma ya ferabeto, asohoka muri gereza mu 1985 afite ibibazo bitandukanye mu mutwe we, bamwe bakavuga ko ubwenge bwe butacyuzuye. Mbere yo gufungwa ariko, abapolisi bari bashatse kumufata arabarwanya ndetse arasamo babiri, bamwihimuraho bamurasa amasasu atandatu, ariko ku bw’amahirwe ibitaro yavurijwemo bimukurikirana neza arakira, akira ariko agomba gufungwa. Muri rusange, yatorotse gereza inshuro enye, ariko izo nshuro zose agafatwa akagarurwa, aza gufungurwa ubwo hatangwaga imbabazi ku mfungwa za politiki mu 1985.
Ibitekerezo bye byo guharanira uburinganire himakazwa ubutabera kuri bose, kumufunga ntibyabimukamuyemo. Yasohotse aho yari afungiye afite gahunda yo kubikomeza no kubyumvisha abanyagihugu, mu ruhando rwa politiki. Yabaye umuyobozi mu myanya myinshi harimo no kuba depite mu 1994, ndetse aba senateri mu gihe cy’imyaka 10, kuva muri 1999-2009, hanyuma mu mpera z’umwaka wa 2009 atorerwa kuyobora igihugu muri manda y’imyaka 5. Ageze ku butegetsi ni bwo yamenyekanye cyane, wamugereranya n’ubuzima abandi bakuru b’igihugu babamo ukabonamo ikinyejana cy’itandukaniro.
Akigera ku butegetsi mu 2010, yatangiye kwanga ibyo amategeko amugenera nka Perezida wa Repubulika. Urugero, yanze imodoka igenewe Perezida, akomeza kugendera mu modoka yari asanzwe agendamo, imodoka iciriritse, yo mu bwoko bwa Coccinnelle 87. Yanga gukorera mu ngoro y’umukuru w’igihugu, ahubwo inshingano ze za kiyobozi akazitunganyiriza iwe, mu rugo ruciriritse kuko atakundaga ibintu bya gikire. Ikirenzeho, 90% by’umushahara we yawugenewe abakene, imiryango yita ku mbabare na ba rwiyemezamirimo bato, we asigarana 10%, ahwanye n’ibihugu 900 by’Amanyarwanda. Ibi byatumye afatwa nka Perezida wa Mbere wiyoroshya ku rwego rw’Isi, The World’s Humbliest President.
Yanze kubaho mu buzima buhenze nk’abandi bakuru b’ibihugu, ariko we akavuga ko atemeranya n’abavuga ko ari umukene kuko imibereho ye ari we wayihisemo. Abantu batangiye kumutangarira ubwo yangaga kwambara karavate nk’umudepite, mu gihe byari byaramenyerewe ko abadepite bambara kariya kantu kazenguruka ijosi kakirambura ku nda. Kuri we, karuvati ni ibintu bidafite ikindi byongera ku kwambara neza usibye kuba abantu bigana abanyamahanga bazambaye mbere batazi n’icyo bazambariye.
Mu bindi byatumye uyu mugabo yamamara ku rwego mpuzamahanga, ni we mukuru w’igihugu wa mbere washyizeho itegeko ryemera gucuruza no gukoresha urumogi, cannabis. Ejo bundi aha no mu Rwanda hemejwe ibijya gusa n’ibi, ariko mu Rwanda ho icyemewe ni uguhinga urumogi, utazarunywa bikakubyarira amazi nk’ibisusa. Uyu mugabo, muri manda ye yasinye nanone itegeko ryemera gushyingiranwa kw’abahuje ibitsina, ndetse n’itegeko ryemera gukuramo inda.
Uwo tuvuga Jose Mujica, yayoboye igihugu cya Uruguay nka Perezida wa 40, kugeza mu mwaka wa 2015 arekura ubutegetsi, kuko Itegeko Nshinga rya kiriya gihugu cyo muri Amerique Latine kitemera manda zirenze umwe ku mwanya wa Perezida.
