Perezida Kagame yasabye Abanyafurika kumenya ko ibibazo byabo bidakwiye gutegereza ibisubizo by’abanyamahanga, ku buryo Umunyafurika arira akaba azi ko hari umunyamahanga uza kumuhoza.
Yabivugiye mu kiganiro nyunguranabitekerezo yahuriyemo n’abayobozi baturutse hirya no hino muri Afurika, barebera hamwe uko Intego z’Iterambere Rirambye (SDGs) zashyirwa mu bikorwa.
Yagize ati, “Afurika isigazwa inyuma n’umuco wo guteteshwa, aho havuka ikibazo abantu bakarira, hakaba hari undi utegerejweho kuza kuvuga ati wirira ndagukemurira icyo ikibazo.”
Umukuru w’u Rwanda yashimangiye ko Afurika ifite ibibazo byinshi, ariko ko icya mbere ari ukwirinda kubihunga, ahubwo abantu bakabyigana ubushishozi ndetse bagashakira hamwe uko byakemurwa.
Yavuze ko yaganiriye na Perezida wa Zambia, Edgar Lungu, amubwira uko Zambia yiteje imbere yikura mu bukene, ibinyujije mu kuvugurura imiyoborere, avuga ko n’ibindi bihugu byabikora bigashoboka.
Perezida Kagame avuga ko niba igihugu nka Zambia cyikuye mu bibazo, gishobora gukorana n’ibindi neza hakabaho ubufatanye hagati y’Abanyafurika, kuruta guhanga amaso abo hanze y’uyu mugabane.
Ibi byashimangiwe na Perezida wa Komisiyo y’Umuryango w’Ubumwe bw’Afurika, Mussa Faki Mahamat, watanze urugero rw’ibihugu bicungirwa amahoro n’ingabo z’amahanga ariko umutekano ntugaruke.
Ati, “Ibibazo by’umutekano birakomeye, ni twe bireba, tugomba kumva ko iyi Afurika ari iyacu ntidutegereze ko ingabo z’amahanga ziza kuturinda, ntibyumvikana, ni ikibazo cy’imyumvire.”
Yatanze urugero rwa kuri Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo na Soudan nk’ibihugu birimo ingabo z’Umuryango w’Abibumbye ariko umutekano wabyo ukaba utaba mwiza, bigahora mu bibazo.
Yavuze ko Congo iramutse itekanye ikanatera imbere, nk’igihugu kiri mu bya mbere binini ku mugabane, byatuma n’ibindi bihugu by’Afurika bitera imbere, kimwe na Tchad na Nigeria bifite abaturage benshi.
Muri ibi biganiro byayobowe na Kaberuka Donald, Visi-Perezida wa Liberia, Dr. Jewel Howard Taylor na we yunze mu rya bagenzi be, ariko yongeraho ko hakenewe n’ubushake bwa politiki.
Yabajijwe uko igihugu cye cyiteje imbere nyuma y’intambara zahitanye benshi, ndetse hanyuma kikugarizwa n’icyorezo cya Ebola, abazwa uko cyikuye muri ibyo bibazo n’isomo kuri SDGs.
Uyu mugore yasobanuye ko nta cyananirana hari ubushake bwa politiki bwo kwishakamo ibisubizo no kudakomeza gukora ibintu uko bisanzwe bikorwa, ahubwo hakabaho impinduka.
Atanze urugero ku Rwanda yagize ati, “Hakenewe ubushake bwa politiki, niba u Rwanda rwarakoze ibitangaza rukereka Isi ko iyo hari icyerekezo n’ubushake buhuriweho, nta kidashoboka.”
Faki Mahamat, Perezida wa Komisiyo y’Ubumwe bw’Afurika, na we yunzemo, avuga ko urubyiruko ruhawe amahirwe kandi rugatozwa guharanira iterambere nta cyananirana, atanga urugero ku Rwanda rukomeje kwiteza imbere, imyaka 25 nyuma ya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi.
Kuki SDGs zitagerwaho?
Intego 17 Umuryango w’Abibumbye wihaye muri 2015 mu cyerekezo cyawo cya 2030 nk’Intego z’Iterambere Rirambye (SDGs), ishyirwa mu bikorwa ryazo rikomeje kugenda biguru ntege muri Afurika.
Muri izo ntego harimo guhashya ubukene, kwimakaza uburinganire n’ubwuzuzanye, kugabanya ubusumbane, guteza imbere imijyi, guhashya inzara, guteza imbere uburezi, ibikorwa remezo n’inganda, amahoro n’ubutabera n’inzego zikomeye, n’ibindi.
Inzobere zakusanyije amakuru mu bihugu 21 by’Afurika, zagaragaje ko amikoro make ari yo aza ku isonga mu gutuma SDGs zidashyirwa mu bikorwa neza ndetse bikanabangamira ikurikiranabikorwa.
Umuyobozi Mukuru w’Ikigo cya Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) Center for Africa gikurikirana ishyirwa mu bikorwa rya SDGs muri Afurika, Dr Belay Beyashaw, avuga ko buri mwaka hagaragara icyuho cy’ingengo y’imari kiri hagati ya miliyari 500 na miliyari 1000,2 z’Amadolari muri Afurika.
Ku rwego rw’Isi, buri mwaka hagaragara icyuho cya miliyari ibihumbi 2,5 z’Amadolari mu mishinga minini ya SDGs mu bihugu biri mu nzira y’amajyambere, aho ibihugu bikennye bisabwa kongera 14% ku musaruro mbumbe (GDP) buri mwaka, cyangwa Miliyari 520 z’Amadolari.
Mu gihe hakenewe akayabo k’amafaranga angana gutyo, 1/5 cy’ibihugu by’Afurika, amafaranga ava imbere mu gihugu (revenues) ajya mu ngengo y’imari yabyo usanga ari munsi ya 15%.
Ibyo bituma Afurika yisanga mu mayira abiri, aho bene ibyo bihugu biremerewe n’imyenda, ku rundi ruhande hakaba intengo za SDGs bigoye gushyira mu bikorwa mu myaka 12 isigaye kubera kubura amikoro.
Ishoramari ry’abanyamahanga muri Afurika na ryo ngo ryaragabanutse mu myaka ishize, ndetse abikorera bakabaye bashyira mu bikorwa SDGs ku kigero cya 1/3 na bo nta ngufu bafite.
Ikigo SDGs Center for Africa kigaragaza ko uruhare rw’abikorera mu ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’imishinga y’iterambere muri Afurika ruri hasi cyane, ku kigero kiri hagati ya 4-8%.
Zimwe mu ngamba zafatwa, nk’uko bisobanurwa na Dr Belay Beyashaw uyobora SDGs Center for Africa, ni ukongera umusaruro w’imbere mu gihugu (domestic revenues) ndetse no guhashya inyerezwa ry’imisoro, ruswa n’ubucuruzi bwa bagendu.
Iterambere ry’imibereho y’Abanyafurika rikomeza ku kigereranyo cyo hasi, aho SDGs zitanga umusaruro runaka ariko ukaburizwamo n’ubwiyongere bw’abaturage bavuka ku bwinshi.
Ubukene bukomeza kwiyongera ndetse muri Afurika ukahasanga ubusumbane bukomeye, ingaruka zikaba ko Umunyafurika umwe muri batatu afite ikibazo cy’imirire (food insecurity).
Kwiga na byo biracyari ikibazo, bigatuma n’umusaruro w’abaturage uba muto, aho umwana uvutse uyu munsi ngo azatanga ½ cy’umusaruro yakabaye atanga nagira imyaka 18 y’amavuko.
Ibyo bibazo byose, ni byo SDGs Center for Africa iheraho ivuga ko intego za SDGs bigoye kuba zagezweho mu mwaka wa 2030.
Mu zindi mbogamizi, havugwa kuba uburezi bwo muri Afurika buri inyuma y’ubundi ku Isi, ndetse nta gihugu cyo muri Afurika gifite abana bize amashuri abanza ku kigero cya 100%.
Abana Miliyoni 63 bari mu kigero cyo kwiga amashuri abanza bataye ishuri, aho muri bo Miliyoni 34,1 (54%) bari mu gice cyo munsi y’Ubutayu bwa Sahara, muri bo 56% ni abakobwa.
Mu mashuri yisumbuye, abiga ni bake cyane muri Afurika kurusha mu bindi bice byose by’Isi: 50% mu cyiciro rusange (Ordinary Level) na 32% mu cyiciro cyisumbuye (Advanced Level).
Kimwe n’uburezi, urwego rw’ubuzima na rwo rwasigaye inyuma muri Afurika, aho abana bapfa bavuka muri Afurika bakubye inshuro umunani abapfa bavuka i Burayi, mu gihe abana bapfa bari munsi y’imyaka itanu bo bakubye inshuro 5 abapfa bangana batyo i Burayi.
Perezida Kagame avuga ko nubwo Afurika ikiri inyuma, icy’ingenzi ari ukwemera ko ibibazo bihari no gushishikaririra kubikemura, ndetse abantu ntibicuze kuba barihaye intego zisumba ubushobozi bwabo.
Yagize ati, “Ku giti cyanjye, mbona ari byiza kuba Afurika yakwiha intego kabone n’iyo yazigeraho bitinze, kurusha kwiha intego ziciriritse tukajya twishimira ko twageze kuri bike.”
Yanditswe na Janvier Popote, itangazwa bwa mbere n’Imvaho Nshya.
