John Rucyahana mwene Kabango ka Ntampuhwe wa Simpenzwe, ni Umunyarwanda wavukiye mu Karere k’ubu ka Burera mu 1945, ashakana na Harriet Mukabarere Rucyahana kuwa 20 Ukuboza 1969 bari mu buhungiro.
Iyo bavuga inkuru y’urukundo rwabo, bakubwira ko kuba bamaranye imyaka 50 nta kindi cyabibashoboje usibye kunyurwa no kwihangana bikwiye kuranga Umukirisitu nyawe.
Madamu Harriet Rucyahana ati, “Ubundi nibaza impamvu abantu batandukana kandi ari Abakiristu, sinzi Ubukirisitu buriho muri iki gihe buranjijisha, kuko Ubukirisitu nzi ni Ubukirisitu bukunda, bukanihangana bukananyurwa, ibi nkubwira hari igihe (umugabo wanjye) yigaga Mukono muri Uganda muri 1973 (yigaga amasomo y’iyobokamana), nanjye njyayo marayo umwaka, abagore bajyagayo bakigana n’abagabo babo, ariko ubuzima twarimo bwari ubw’ubukene bwinshi cyane, bwa bundi udashobora kugira imyambaro ine, itanu, waba ugize myinshi ukagira ibiri, ariko bwa Bukilisitu bukaguhata kudasa nabi, bukaguhata kumesa, kugorora, gusa neza, ikintu cyose gishoboka gutuma izina ry’Imana ritagawa, icyo gihe rero twariyo turi abagore benshi, bampaye ‘certificat’ kuko bazaga iwacu bagasanga hari isuku, mu nzira abana bameze neza ariko ntibyari bitewe n’amafaranga menshi, ni kwa kwiyakira no kumenya ko ubwo buzima ushobora kubuvamo ukajya mu bundi.”
John Rucyahana na Harriet Rucyahana bajya kumenyana, bombi bari abakirisitu mu Itorero rya Anglican muri Uganda, imitima irasatirana bemeranya kubana, babyarana abakobwa batatu n’abahungu 2. Abuzukuru babo bamaze kuba 17.
Bakoze ubukwe bw’akataraboneka nubwo bari impunzi. Ni zo mpunzi zo muri ako gace za mbere zakoze ubukwe burimo imodoka, ubundi ngo byari bimenyerewe ko abashyingiranwe bagenda ku igare.
Harriet Rucyahana yasobanuriye Imvaho Nshya uko ubukwe bwabo bwari bumeze muri ako gace bari batuyemo ka Cyangwari, ati, “Ku munsi nk’uyu muri 1969 (kuwa 20 Ukuboza) ni bwo twakoze ubukwe, ubukwe barabwitabiriye buba bwiza, icyo gihe abantu ntabwo bari bafite amikoro ahagije ariko bwabaye bwiza, ndibuka ni twe twagendeye mu modoka bwa mbere, urumva bitari byabaye igitangaza? (aseka). Ndibuka abantu babahekaga ku magare abandi bakagenda n’amaguru, twe Imana iradufasha tubona imodoka, ubukwe bwo mu mpunzi ukabona imodoka!”
Amateka ya mbere yo kubana
John Rucyahana yavuye mu Rwanda arangije igice kimwe cy’amashuri yisumbuye mu 1962, kubera itotezwa Abatutsi bakorerwaga iwabo bahungira muri Congo banyuze muri Uganda.
Intambara ya Murere yashyamiranyije inyeshyamba na Leta ya Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo yabujije Abanyarwanda benshi amahwemo, bituma Rucyahana ahungira muri Uganda muri 1964.
Ubuzima bushaririye bwakomeje kumukurikirana kuko bageze mu Bunyoro muri Uganda, bahahuriye n’indwara ya Bururi yahitanye benshi, abandi bicwa n’indwara zituruka ku mirire mibi.
Madamu we, Harriet Rucyahana, we bageze muri Uganda nk’impunzi mu mwaka wa 1959, ubwo Abatutsi bameneshwaga mu Rwanda. Bahunze nyuma gato y’urupfu rwa se wishwe n’umusonga.
Ati, “Twebwe duhunga muri 1959 twahunze data amaze gupfa, tugenda turi abana b’abakobwa bane na mama wacu twese turi bato kuko mama yari ahetse umwana wankurikiraga ubwa kabiri tujya Kizinga hakurya muri Uganda, tujya Rwendahi, tujya ahitwa Rukinga, urumva rwari urugendo rurerure, tujya ahitwa Bunyoro, yari inkambi irimo imibu myinshi, malariya nyinshi, indwara nyinshi, turarokoka turahava tujya ahitwa Cyangwari, tugenda tuzi Imana tugerayo, ni bwo twaje gushyira ku murongo ibyo kubaka urugo, turakundana koko.”
Iby’ingenzi Bishop Rucyahana yakundiye umugore we muri ubwo buzima bw’ubuhunzi, nk’uko abihamya, ni uko yakundaga Imana, ndetse bakaba bari bahuje imyumvire ku gufasha abari mu bibazo.
Ati, “Icyo namukundiye cya mbere ni uko yari azi uwo ari we, yari Umukirisitu, yakundaga Imana, kandi icyo twari duhuje kwari ukwitanga no gukorera Imana no gukorera abandi, kuko twatangiye kurera abana b’imfubyi tugitangira urugo, na n’uyu munsi wa none”
Mu buhunzi bakuraga hehe ubushobozi bwo gufasha imbabare? Bishop Rucyahana avuga ko gufasha ari umutima atari ubukire, ati, “Gufasha bituruka ku mutima, si amafaranga menshi, hari n’igihe mu biruhuko ndi umwarimu najyaga guhingira amafaranga yo kwishyurira abana b’imfubyi nigishaga. Sinari mbafite mu rugo, bamwe bari kwa ba se no kwa ba nyina batiga nkabakurayo nkabajyana ku ishuri, noneho njyewe ngashaka amafaranga, nkayahingira, nkabagurira ibyangombwa ngo bige nk’abandi bana.”
Abajijwe icyo we yakundiye umugabo we, Madamu Harriet Rucyahana we yasubije ati, “Kubera twabanaga mu rusengero rumwe cyangwa mu itorero rimwe, nabonaga ari umunyakuri, buriya nanga abantu baryaryana, nanga umuntu utavugisha ukuri, ariko we nabonaga mu busore bwe avugisha ukuri, wabonaga ibyo avuga n’ibyo akora byose bijyanye, icyo kintu narakimukundiye cyane, kandi wumvaga avuga amagambo afasha, ubuzima bw’umuntu, twajyanaga mu biterane, bakavuga ubutumwa, bagahumuriza abantu, tumaze no kubaka icyo kintu cyarakomeje.”
Iterambere n’Ivugabutumwa
Mu 1968, John Rucyahana avuga ko abayobozi b’Abanyoro bamurebye baravuga bati ‘uyu musore nubwo ari Umunyamahanga reka tumwohereze ajye kwiga ibintu bya Social and Community Development bijyanye no gufungura amaso abaturage no kubereka uko babaho neza’, yiga amezi atandatu i Kabale aho bigishwaga n’Abongereza ariko kandi bakorana na Minisiteri y’Iterambere ry’Abaturage na Minisiteri y’Ubuhinzi n’Ubworozi, asoje amasomo Abanyoro bamutuma muri bene wabo ngo abigishe.
Icyo gihe ngo abana babo barwaraga bwaki, ntibaryaga neza kandi ntacyo bari babuze, bari bafite ubutaka bugari noneho Rucyahana atangira kubashakira imashini zihinga (tractors), ibyuma byo gusya ibigori, uburyo bwo kwikorera, abigisha guhinga urusenda no kurugurisha no kubashakira isoko i Kampala, ariko ibyo akabijyanisha n’umuhamagaro yari afite w’ivugabutumwa.
Ati, “Ibyo twabibakoreraga ariko tunababwira n’ubutumwa kuko nubwo babonaga amafaranga bari kuyanywera cyangwa bakajya kurongora abandi bagore benshi, bakajya kwiyonona, twabigishaga uko bagira ubuzima bwiyubashye (decent life) kuko icyo Ubukirisitu butanga ni impinduka y’ubuzima.”
Mu 1972 Rucyahana yagiye mu iseminari gukurikira amasomo y’inyigisho z’iyobokamana (theology), ayasoza mu 1974. Yagizwe ‘Deacon’ na Padiri mu mwaka wakurikiyeho, akora ahitwa Kigorobya muri Paruwasi ya Saint Pete’s Cathedral Hoima kugeza muri 1980.
Muri uwo mwaka wa 1980 yasubiye kwiga ‘Theology’ indi myaka itatu muri Kaminuza ya Makerere, asoje amasomo asubira mu itorero agirwa ‘Archdeacon’ wa Bulindi, akora mu ivugabutumwa no mu buyobozi bwa Diyosezi, aba mu buyobozi bukuru bw’Itorero rya Anglican muri Uganda nka Komiseri ushinzwe imishinga mu gihe cy’imyaka 8. Nyuma yaho yaje kugirwa Umuyobozi Mukuru w’Ivugabutumwa muri Bunyoro yose.
Muri ubwo buzima bwose, umugore we yashyigikiraga ibyo yakoraga, cyane ko na we basengaga mu itorero rimwe, akamukundira ko n’iyo bageraga mu bibazo bafatanyaga gusenga no kubicoca kugeza n’uyu munsi.
Ati, “Twakoraga mu Banyoro, dukorera Abanyoro barakizwa, tuvuga ubutumwa tuvuga Yesu kugeza igihe ubu ngubu abana bacu bose aho bashakiye, si ukuvuga ngo tumaze imyaka 50 ari uko twanyuze mu byiza gusa, twagiraga ibibazo ariko tukamenya ngo mu bike turajya inama, turaganira uko tubyifatamo, aho duhinduriwe mu badukunze, n’abadusuzugura nk’abanyamahanga tukaba turi hamwe, tukamenya uko tubisengera n’uko tubivamo, tukabereka ko si ubuhunzi tubazaniye, ni Kristu, ni ubutumwa, bakazadukunda atari uko tubaye bene wabo, ariko bakadukunda kuko twabagejeje ku butumwa bagombaga kubona kuko akenshi hari igihe umuntu agusuzugura ngo uri umunyamahanga, ariko ibyo yagutekerejemo ntazabibone akabona ibindi, akabura uko agira mukabana.”
Ibanga ryo kurambana
Muri iki gihe gatanya zeze, Bishop Rucyahana avuga ko ibanga ryo kurambana rikubiyemo inama ku batarashaka n’abamaze igihe gito mu rushako, ari uguhuza imitima, ntihabeho kurarikira ibintu.
Avuga ko na kera ibitandukanya abashakanye byabagaho ariko ko iteka iyo umuntu akunze uwo bashakanye, yagira ikibazo akamufasha kugikemura kandi akirinda kumukomeretsa, urugo ruramba.
Ati, “Erega ntibakakubeshye, iby’ubu nta gihe bitabayeho, ni ukuvuga ngo ibigerageza abagabo n’ibigerageza abagore byahozeho, ariko hagomba kubaho kumenya ngo uyu mugore cyangwa uyu mugabo naramukunze, nubwo agize ikibazo runaka reka mufashe kukivamo, ukihangana, niba arwaye ukamufasha mu burwayi, umurwaze mu burwayi.”
Avuga ko no mu buhunzi hari ubwo wasangaga ubuzima bubi butuma ingo zimwe na zimwe zitaramba, ariko igihe cyose urugo rwubakiye ku rukundo rudakurikiye ibintu nta kirubuza kuramba.
Ati, “N’ubuhunzi ubwabwo bwatanyaga abantu, aho kugira ngo bubegeranye abandi bwarabatanyaga, akavuga ati uriya mugabo ndamushaka amarire iki, aho gushaka uriya reka njye gushaka Umunyoro ufite inka, ufite imodoka, akareka umusore w’Umunyarwanda akajya gusanga umusore w’Umunyoro cyangwa w’Umugande, noneho Umugande kuko afite imico itameze nk’iye bakazananiranwa bagatandukana. Byahozeho, hari abakobwa bagiye gushaka Abanyoro, Abagande bari bafite ibintu byokumuha ariko hari n’abandi twarashakanye turirundarunda, twumvaga tuzakomeza uruhererekane rw’ubuzima n’ishema ry’icyo turi cyo, twagize ibyo twihanganira.”
Yunzemo ati, “Ab’ubu, ikiriho gitanya ingo ni uko badashakana mu mitima yabo, ntabwo ari urukundo rw’ubuntu, bashaka ibintu kandi na kera barabishakaga ariko wenda urwego rwo kubishaka rwabaye rwinshi, abana bariho barakura batabona ba se na ba nyina, abana bariho barakura batagira icyo bigiraho, bikaba rero ibintu biri aho ngaho. No mu matorero twakabaye tugarura umuco mu ngo kuko abubaka iyo batubatse imitima baratana kuko iyo ubanye n’umuntu ukamukomeretsa kabiri, gatatu, kane, agenda yigirayo mu mutima noneho n’ubuzima bukazigirayo, bagatandukana, kera abantu ntibapfaga gutandukana, kandi noneho na wa muryango wabumbabunbaga ntukiriho.”
Ibivugwa na Bishop Rucyahana bishimangirwa n’umugore we Harriet, wongeraho ko imwe mu nkingi za mwamba bubakiyeho ari Ubukiritu butoza abantu kwihanganira ibibazo ndetse no kwiyubahisha muri sosiyete.
Ati, “Nyuma gato y’ubukwe twagiye gukorera mu banyamahanga, hatari Abanyarwanda, rero ndashimira Imana cyane kuva icyo gihe, ntabwo ibintu biba byoroshye, muhura n’ibibazo, murazamuka mukamanuka imisozi, hakabamo ibibazo ariko iyo muzi Imana hari itandukaniro. Ntabwo tugeze kuri iyi myaka kuko twari tuzi ubwenge cyangwa kuko twari dufite ibintu byatwubakira bikaturinda, ahubwo twagize umugisha tuba Abakiristu, rero urwo rugendo ni rwo rwaturinze.”
Inama agira abashakana bwacya bagatandukana, Madamu Harriet Rucyahana asaba abantu kwimakaza amagambo yanditse muri Bibiliya mu Ibaruwa Intumwa Paulo yandikiye Abakorinto ba mbere igice cya Gatatu, ati, “Hari ahavuga ko urukundo rutirarira kandi rwihangana, rero icyo mbwira abagiye gushaka cyangwa abafite ingo bafite ibibazo, mbabwira ko kubaka ari ukwihangana, ni ukunyurwa, ijambo kunyurwa, iyo utanyuzwe ibintu birakomera, wubaka utekereza uti nzabyara umwana mwambike gutya, mubwire gutya mutoze gutya, arye gutya, ariko ushobora gushaka ntibibe kwa kundi watekerezaga, ibyo rero birasaba kwihangana, ariko cyane kunyurwa. Ushobora gusanga umugabo umutekerezamo amafaranga, wagerayo ugasanga ntayo afite, birasaba ngo unyurwe unanihangane kuko ushobora kwihangana amezi abiri ukwezi kwa gatatu ya mafaranga ukayabona, ariko icyumweru kimwe cyonyine gishobora gutuma wiruka, ukavuga uti ariko uru rugo najemo nashakaga iki? Wa mugabo se uko namutekerezaga ko atari ko ameze? iyo utihanganye rero ushobora kugenda.”
Kuva mu buhungiro
FPR-Inkotanyi imaze gufata ubutegetsi mu Rwanda, Bishop Rucyahana avuga ko yari abayeho neza muri Uganda mu bijyanye n’imitungo, ariko ko yumvise afite inshingano yo kugaruka mu Rwanda gufatanya n’abandi gusana igihugu cyari cyasenywe na Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi.
Yasabwe kwifatanya n’abandi mu kucyubaka, abyumva vuba, muri Mutarama 1995 asezera mu Itorero rya Anglican rya Uganda, ababwira ko asubiye iwabo mu Rwanda, ariko mbere yaho muri Kanama 1994 yari yaroherejwe n’Itorero kuza mu rwanda gucukumbura niba koko abihayimana baragize uruhare muri Jenoside.
Nyuma yo kumurika raporo ye abari bayimutumye, aho yababwiye ko koko abihayimana bijanditse muri Jenoside, ni bwo yasezeye mu Itorero rya Uganda, aza gufatanya n’abandi Banyarwanda kubaka urwamubyaye.
Yaje kugirwa Musenyeri wa Diyosezi ya Shyira, afatanya n’abandi kubaka Itorero rya Anglican na ryo ryari ryarashegeshwe na Jenoside, mu mwaka wa 2010 Leta imugirira icyizere, imushinga kuba Perezida wa Komisiyo y’Igihugu y’Ubumwe n’Ubwuiyunge kugeza magingo aya.
Ibirori byo kwizihiza isubukuru y’imyaka 50 amaze abana n’umugore we, byabereye i Nyarutarama mu Mujyi wa Kigali bagaragiwe n’abana, inshuti n’abavandimwe.
Yanditswe na Janvier Popote, itangazwa bwa mbere n’Imvaho Nshya.
