Hashize imyaka itandatu abanyamakuru b’imikino n’imyidagaduro badahugurwa n’Inama Nkuru y’Itangazamakuru (MHC), urwego rwa Leta rushinzwe kubaka ubushobozi bw’itangazamakuru.
Iyo ubajije impamvu, MHC ikubwira ko hari ibindi byiciro by’itangazamakuru byagaragaraga ko bikeneye guhugurwa kubera umumaro bifitiye rubanda kurusha imikino n’imyidagaduro.
Kuri iyi nshuro ariko, MHC iravuga ko mu iteganyabikorwa ryayo ry’imyaka itanu iri imbere (2019-2024) harimo no guhugura abanyamakuru b’imikino n’imyidagaduro kimwe n’abandi.
Amahugurwa aheruka ya MHC yahawe abanyamakuru b’imikino n’imyidagaduro ni ayo mu mpera za 2013 mu gihe abandi banyamakuru bahugurwa buri mwaka.
Ayo mahugurwa, Umunyamabanga Nshingwabikorwa wa MHC, Mbungiramihigo Peacemaker, avuga ko atatanze umusaruro wifuzwaga, bityo hakaba hakenewe kuyongeramo ingufu.
Umusaruro wifuzwaga ni ukwimakaza ubunyamwuga, ariko nk’uko Mbungiramihigo abihamya, abanyamakuru b’imikino n’imyidagaduro bakomeje kuba abasesenguzi kurusha kuba abanyamakuru.
Ati, “Hari bamwe badafata umwanya uhagije ngo bahe agaciro ibijyanye n’amahame y’umwuga, ugasanga ibiganiro byabo cyangwa inkuru zabo ni opinions (ibitekerezo byabo bwite) gusa kandi ubundi byakabaye byubakiye kuri facts (ibihamya) zikaba balanced (nta kubogama), ariko ikigaragara bahindutse cyane abasesenguzi kurusha uko bakabaye abanyamakuru.”
Kubera iyo mpamvu, Mbungiramihigo avuga ko MHC yanzuye kongera kubahugura, cyane ko itangazamakuru ry’imikino n’imyidagaduro ari ryo rikurikirwa n’Abanyarwanda benshi.
Ati, “Kuba ubusanzwe tutabahaga amahugurwa kimwe n’abandi banyamakuru si ukutabaha agaciro ahubwo twabonaga hari izindi priorities (ibindi by’ingenzi), ariko noneho tumaze kubona y’uko ibitangazamakuru byibanda ku myidagaduro na siporo bikunzwe cyane n’urubyiruko rugize igice kinini cy’Umuryango w’Abanyarwanda ku buryo ibyo bahabwa mu itangazamakuru tugomba kureba niba bibubaka.”
Icya kabiri ni uko abenshi ari abantu bize itangazamakuru ku buryo amakosa bakora bayakora nkana, abatarize itangazamakuru ni bo bake, noneho rero tumaze kugaragarizwa icyo kibazo n’abaturage muri rusange bakurikirana ibitangazamakuru, ndetse cyane cyane abakurikirana imyidagaduro n’imikino, byatugaragarizaga ko bakwiye kongera guhabwa andi mahugurwa, duhita tubishyira muri action plan (gahunda y’ibikorwa) y’uyu mwaka twatangiye wa 2019/2020.”
Mbungiramihigo avuga ko mu myaka itanu iri imbere MHC mu mahugurwa itanga izibanda kuri specialized reporting – itangazamakuru ryibanda ku kintu runaka (ubukungu, ubuzima, ubutabera, ubuhinzi n’ubworozi…) – “tutibagiwe n’imikino n’imyidagaduro.”
Ati, “Biriya bakora na byo tubibara muri specialization, ntabwo umuntu abikora uko abyumva gusa agomba no kubikora abyumva kandi abishoboye. Ejo bundi mu kwa munani iyo action plan (gahunda y’ibikorwa y’imyaka 5) tuzayishyira ahagaragara.”
Amahugurwa ya mbere azahabwa abanyamakuru b’imikino n’imyidagaduro azatangwa mu gihembwe cya Gatatu cy’uyu mwaka w’ingengo y’imari wa 2019/20, kizatangira muri Mutarama kigarangira muri Werurwe 2020, nk’uko Mbungiramihigo yabibwiye Imvaho Nshya.
Abanyamakuru b’imyidagaduro bishimiye ayo mahugurwa
Luckman Nzeyimana ni umunyamakuru w’Ikigo cy’Igihugu cy’Itangazamakuru (RBA) ukora ibiganiro by’imyidagaduro, akaba afite impamyabumenyi ya kaminuza mu itangazamakuru.
Avuga ko kuba abanyamakuru b’imyidagaduro badahugurwa kandi barimo abatarize itangazamakuru bituma hakorwa amakosa menshi mu mwuga, agashima MHC kuba yabibutse.
Nubwo nta bushakashatsi yakoze, avuga ko mu ndorerwamo ye abona itangazamakuru ritari iry’imyidagaduro rirusha ubunyamwuga iry’imyidagaduro ku ijanisha rya 85%.
Yunzemo ati, “Ubunyamwuga bwabo ntabwo mvuze ngo ntabwo buhari ariko buragerwa ku mashyi. Itangazamakuru risanzwe (ritari iry’imyidagaduro) ryo rifite n’uburyo ribona ayo mahugurwa, rifite uburyo bababwira bati ibi ntimukabikore, ibi ngibi iyo ubikoze bishobora kubyara izi ngaruka ku baturage cyangwa ku gihugu, ugasanga rero mu myidagaduro ntabwo ayo mahugurwa ahari cyane.”
Ibivugwa na Nzeyimana bishimangirwa na Rutaganda Joel, Umuyobozi w’Ihuriro ry’Abanyamakuru bakora inkuru z’Imyidagaduro (RSJF: Rwanda Showbiz Journalists Forum) ryashinzwe muri Werurwe 2019 rigamije kubaka ubufatanye hagati y’abarikora kugira ngo babashe kurinoza.
Rutaganda yabwiye Imvaho Nshya ati “Nta bisobanuro banatanga kuba itangazamakuru ry’imikino cyangwa iry’imyidagaduro impamvu batarikurikirana ngo bamenye imibereho yaryo, imikorere yaryo, imibereho y’abarikora n’abo ari bo, icyo ni ikibazo bwite, kiri ku ruhande.”
“Ariko ngarutse ku kuba ayo mahugurwa barimo kudutegurira akenewe cyangwa adakenewe, turayakeneye cyane kubera ko uyu munsi umwana aravuka akumva ko agomba kujya mu itangazamakuru ry’imyidagaduro, araza afite umuntu runaka afana, ntabwo aza ngo atare inkuru nk’umunyamakuru w’umwuga, araza kubera ko yakuze afana kanaka akagira amarangamutima ugasanga nta tangazamakuru rihari.”
Rutaganda avuga ko ahugiye mu gukora umushinga w’iri huriro uzashyikirizwa MHC na RMC mu gihe gito kiri imbere, ugamije kureba uko abanyamakuru b’imyidagaduro bahugurwa.
Muri iki gihe cy’iterambere ry’ikoranabuhanga ryihuta na interineti inyaruka, imbuga za interineti by’umwihariko izitangaza amakuru y’imyidagaduro zivuga uko bwije uko bukeye.
Bamwe mu bazandikaho ni abantu batize itangazamakuru ndetse batigeze barihabwaho amahugurwa, ku buryo hari n’abavuga ko gukora itangazamakuru neza bisaba impano gusa.
Umunyamabanga Nshingwabikorwa w’Urwego rw’Abanyamakuru Bigenzura (RMC), Mugisha Emmanuel avuga ko kuba hari abibwira ko impano ihagije ari ikibazo gikomeye.
Uyu mugabo wayoboye MHC mbere ya Mbungiramihigo, avuga ko ari imyumvire ikwiye guhinduka, abakora itangazamakuru ry’imyidagaduro n’imikino bagahugurwa nk’abandi, ndetse na bo ubwabo bakumva ko bakeneye kongera ubumenyi mu byo bakora.
Ati, “Mu nshingano z’itangazamakuru (gutambutsa amakuru, guhugura no kuruhura), kenshi usanga abubaka ubushobozi bw’itangazamakuru bibanda kuri ibi bisata bibiri bya mbere kuko ni byo abantu bakeneyeho ubumenyi cyane, ni gute bakora inkuru z’ubukungu, ni ibintu bigoye, ni gute bakora inkuru z’ubuhinzi n’ubworozi, noneho iby’imyidagaduro akenshi ugasanga ari impano umuntu aba afite, umwanditsi mukuru we akamuha akazi kuko azi kogeza umupira, azi kuryoshya ariko tugomba kureba iyo mpano irakora kinyamwuga? Aba na bo bakwiye kwibutswa y’uko ibyo bakora bagomba kubikora kinyamwuga kuko barabikorera rubanda.”
“Ni nk’umushoferi utwara imodoka y’ubwikorezi rusange ugasanga adafite perimi abandi bazifite, uwo muntu arumva ikibazo ateza ukuntu kingana? Turashaka ko na bo biyumva nk’abantu bakora umwuga w’itangazamakuru, ikigenga abandi na bo kibagenge, ntabyuke mu gitondo ngo kubera ko bamuhaye urubuga, ye kumva y’uko gutukana ari ikintu gisanzwe kuko icyo tureba ni ukurengera inyungu za rubanda, ejo utagenda n’ubuswa bwawe n’ubujiji bwawe bwo kutamenya umwuga utangire urege abantu kubera ko ufite uruvugiro.”
Mu Rwanda habarurwa abanyamakuru 1.011 bafite amakarita y’itangazamakuru atangwa na RMC (Urwego rw’Abanyamakuru Bigenzura), barimo abagore 242 n’abagabo 769, bakorera amateleviziyo 14, amaradiyo 32, ibinyamakuru 28 byandika ku mpapuro na 95 bisohoka ku mbuga za interineti, nk’uko imibare ya RMC ibigaragaza.
RMC ishishikariza abanyamakuru kugira amakatira y’umwuga atangwa n’uru rwego rugenzura imikorere y’itangazamakuru mu Rwanda, cyane cyane ab’imikino n’imyidagaduro badakunze kugaragara mu bikorwa byayo, dore ko udafite ikarita ya RMC adashobora kwemererwa kwitabira amahugurwa atangwa na MHC.
Yanditswe na Janvier Popote, itangazwa bwa mbere n’Imvaho Nshya.
