Urwego rw’Abanyamakuru Bigenzura (RMC) rurashima intambwe iherutse guterwa yo gushaka uko ingingo ihana gutuka Umukuru w’Igihugu yakurwa mu itegeko ry’ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange.
Iyo ngingo ya 236 yo mu Itegeko nᵒ 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 iteganyiriza utuka Umukuru w’Igihugu “igifungo kitari munsi y’imyaka itanu (5) ariko itarenze imyaka irindwi (7) n’ihazabu y’amafaranga y’u Rwanda arenze miliyoni eshanu (5.000.000 FRW) ariko atarenze miliyoni zirindwi (7.000.000 FRW).”
Kuba Perezida Kagame yarashyigikiye ko iyo ngingo ivaho, nyuma y’aho Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ruyigumishije mu itegeko, ni ibintu byashimishije cyane RMC.
Umunyamabanga Nshingwabikorwa wa RMC, Mugisha Emmanuel, avuga ko icyo cyifuzo cya Perezida ari “ipine rikomeye kugira ngo itangazamakuru ryacu ribashe gutera indi ntambwe.”
U Rwanda ruhora mu myanya ya nyuma mu bijyanye n’ubwisanzure bw’itangazamakuru ku ntonde z’Umuryango w’Abanyamakuru batagira Umupaka (Reporters Without Borders), aho uyu mwaka rwashyizwe ku mwanya wa 155 mu bihugu 180 byakozweho ubushakashatsi.
Imiryango iharanira uburenganzira bw’ikiremwamuntu nka Human Rights Watch na Amnesty International, na yo ikunze kunenga u Rwanda, ivuga ko nta demokarasi rufite.
Mu mboni za Mugisha Emmanuel ariko, hari abafata ibintu uko bitari kuko “u Rwanda rufite ubushake bwa politiki bwo gufasha itangazamakuru mu bwisanzure bwaryo,”
Kuba hashakwa uko gusebya Umukuru w’Igihugu byaba icyaha mbonezamubano aho kuba mpanabyaha, bigashyigikirwa n’Umukuru w’Igihugu, Mugisha abona ari “ubutumwa bukomeye” budakwiye kwirengagizwa.
Muri Mata 2019, Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ni bwo rwategetse ko ingingo ya 154 yahanaga gusebya mu ruhame imihango y’idini, n’iya 233 yahanaga icyaha cyo gukoza isoni abayobozi b’igihugu n’abashinzwe umurimo rusange w’Igihugu, zikurwa mu itegeko riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange.
Perezida w’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga, Prof Rugege Sam, yavuze ko koko izo ngingo zinyuranyije n’Itegeko Nshinga, nk’uko byari byaregewe n’Umunyamategeko Mugisha Richard wasabye ko ibintu nk’ibyo bidakwiye gufatwa nk’ibyaha mpanabyaha kuko biniga ubwisanzure bwo gutanga ibitekerezo.
Gusa, Urukiko rw’Ikirenga rwagumishije mu byaha mpanabyaha ingingo ya 236 ihana icyaha cyo gukoza isoni Umukuru w’Igihugu na yo yaregewe na Mé Mugisha, aho urukiko rwavuze ko Perezida wa Repubulika adakwiye gufatwa nk’abandi bayobozi bitewe n’inshingano afite zihariye zo kurinda ubusugire bw’igihugu, ku buryo kumusebya byahungabanya byinshi.
Nyuma yaho ariko, Perezida Kagame, kuwa 25 Mata 2019, yagaragaje ko yubaha ubwisanzure bw’ubutabera, ariko ko atemeranya n’umwanzuro wo kumushyiriraho ingingo imurengera wenyine, asaba ko gusebya Umukuru w’Igihugu na byo byajya mu byaha mbonezamubano aho kuba mpanabyaha.
Ubusabe bwa Mé Mugisha bwo gusaba ko ingingo zibangamiye ubwisanzure bwo gutanga ibitekerezo zavaho, bwashyigikiwe n’amashyirahamwe y’abanyamakuru arimo ARJ na Pax Press, bahuriza hamwe ijwi.
Muri urwo rugendo, RMC yabaga iri hamwe n’ayo mashyirahamwe y’abanyamakuru, ariko yo ntibyinjiremo neza kuko idafite ubuzima gatozi kuva yashingwa mu mwaka wa 2013.
Mugisha ati, “Twagiye ku ruhande gato kuko iyo ukoze petition ugomba no kugaragaza uko uriho, twagiye ku ruhande dusaba ARJ (kubijyamo), kuko twaravuze tuti dushobora kubyinjiramo basuzuma bagasanga tudafite…(ubuzima gatozi) amicus curiae (kuba kuba inshuti z’urukiko) igateshwa agaciro, twaba dutakaje amahirwe, bityo dusaba ARJ ko ari yo ibijyamo, ariko turi bamwe turafatanya.”
Nyuma y’aho urukiko rw’ikirenga ruhaye agaciro ingingo zimwe mu zasabirwaga gukurwa mu itegeko riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange, ni bwo Perezida Kagame yasabye ko ingingo yamuhaga umwihariko na yo ikurwamo.
Kuba Umukuru w’Igihugu yumva ibintu atyo, Mugisha asanga ari ubutumwa bukomeye ku bibwira ko nta bushake bwa politiki buhari bwo guteza imbere itangazamakuru mu Rwanda.
Abumvaga ko gusebanya bidashobora gukurwa mu mategeko mpanabyaha, Mugisha avuga ko bibwiraga ko Leta igikeneye ko itangazamakuru ridatera imbere kandi atari ko biri.
Ati, “Kuba byarabaye ni ubutumwa ku batekereza u Rwanda uko rutari, hari ubushake bwa politiki bwo ku rwego rwo hejuru bw’uko ubwisanzure mu Rwanda bushimangirwa, nk’uko Itegeko Nshinga ribiteganya, birashimishije kuba byanaravuye ku muntu (Perezida wa Repubulika) Itegeko Nshinga rivuga ko ashinzwe kurinda ayo mahame shingiro.”
“Icya kabiri byagaragaje y’uko kwigenzura kw’abanyamakuru ari byo bikenewe. Imyumvire yanjye inyereka ko niba byemejwe ko biba mbonezamubano, ntibikomeze kuba ibyaha mpanabyaha, ni nk’aho bavuze bati inzego zihari zifitiwe icyizere cyo kuba zahereza abantu ubutabera.”
Ikemurampaka rya RMC
Imwe mu nshingano za RMC, ni ugukemura amakimbirane aterwa n’inkuru zitangazwa mu binyamakuru, aho hari abavuga ko igitangazamakuru iki n’iki cyabatangajeho amakuru atari yo.
Kuba hariho komite ishinzwe ibyo ariko, ntibibuza ushaka kujya kurega mu rukiko kujyayo, ariko nk’uko Mugisha abihamya, nta n’umwe uranenga imyanzuro ya RMC ngo ajye mu rukiko.
Ati, “Mu birego RMC imaze kwakira birenga 300 nta na kimwe kirajya mu rukiko, bivuze ko abantu banyuzwe kuko itegeko rivuga ko utanyuzwe agana inkiko, ni ibintu biha ingufu RMC.”
Mugisha yongeyeho ko nubwo gutuka Umukuru w’Igihugu n’abandi bayobozi mu nzego za Leta bitaba icyaha mpanabyaha, abanyamakuru bakwiye kugendera ku mahame y’umwuga, ntibumve ko bibahaye uburenganzira bwo gusebanya.
Ati, “Biriya bintu ntibihereza abanyamakuru uburenganzira bwo gukora ibitemewe. Kuba byava mu byaha mpanabyaha si uburenganzira bwo kugira ngo noneho bidagadure, batukane, basebanye, bakore ibiki, ahubwo ni ikintu kigaragaza y’uko ubu ngubu bafitiwe icyizere cy’uko bashobora gukora ibintu binoze, n’uwacitswe akaba afite uburyo ashyirwa ku murongo”
Mu gushimangira ko hari ubushake bwa politiki bwo guteza imbere itangazamakuru, Mugisha agaruka ku mavugurura yakozwe mu mwaka wa 2013, aho havuguruwe Itegeko ry’Itengazamakuru (Media Law) ari na ryo riteganya ishyirwaho ry’Urwego rw’Abanyamakuru Bigenzura mu gihe mbere yaho itangazamakuru ryagenzurwaga n’urwego rwa Leta – Inama Nkuru y’Itengazamakuru (MHC) – ndetse muri uwo mwaka wa 2013 ni bwo hagiyeho Itegeko ryo kubona amakuru (Access to Information Law), ati, “Biriya byose iyo bihari biba bivuze ko hariho umwuka wo gutuma itangazamakuru rikora kinyamwuga.”
Umva ikiganiro twagiranye na Mugisha mu buryo bw’amajwi
Yanditswe na Janvier Popote, itangazwa bwa mbere n’Imvaho Nshya.
